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Intext Citation
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Intext Citation

Intext citation is how you tell your reader the information they just read in your essay was a great idea--but it wasn't YOUR idea--and "here" is where it came from.

Here is what the citations from the exercise should look like:

1.      Page 217 of _Drugs in the Workplace_
 
         (Jackson and Brooks 217). 
 
        Just (Jackson 217). is acceptable too, as long as there are no other articles
        by Jackson or by Jackson and different co-author on the works cited page.
 
2.     Page 455 of "Mandatory Drug Testing and the Courts"
 
        (VanBeck 455).
 
3.     Pages 115 through 117 of _Studies on Office Management_
 
        (Kendall 115-17).
 
        Notice the number drops the hundreds for the continued pages, but only the
        hundreds.
 
4.     Page 105 of "Employees Object to Testing"
 
        (Llosa 105).
 
5.     Page 34 through 35 of volume 1 of _Case Studies of Drugs and Business_
 
        (Carter 1:34-35).
 
         The volume number is important here because all volumes in a set have
         the same author, same title and all start on page 1.  How would the reader
         know to which page 34 you referred without the volume number?  Notice it
         uses a colon : between the volume and the pages; notice the numbers do
         not drop to the ones--not 34-5.
 
6.     Page 107 of "Employees Object to Testing" if another source by Julio Llosa
        appeared in the same Works Cited listing.
 
        (Llosa, "Employees" 107).
 
        You need to have the title--or a portion of the title--of the work being used to
        differentiate this source from the other by the same author.  Using the entire
        title is acceptable, but why bother typing more than you have to? :)
7.     A quotation from Gayle Stein's _Drug Testing and Rehabilitation Programs_
        that is quoted on page 471 of Theresa VanBeck's "Mandatory Drug Testing
        and the Courts."
 
        (qtd. in VanBeck 471).
 
        This is called an "indirect citation."  Remember your reader is interested in
        what YOU found, not where the information "could also" be found.  The "qtd.
        in" (quoted in) shows the quote was quoted by the source you used.  This
        also ensures that if your source (here VanBeck) misquoted the original
        (Stein here), you wouldn't be faulted for the misquote because you did not
        find the original anyway.

One final comment--notice that for this exercise, I included the period at the end of the citation OUTSIDE of the parentheses.  Usually, but not always, a citation comes at the end of a sentence.  The puncutation comes AFTER the citation, making the parentheses a part of the sentence in which your source information appeared.
 
If you use a citation in the middle of a sentence, use no punctuation after the citation other than what the sentence may call for to keep it grammatically correct.
 
If you use a quotation that is longer than two typed lines of the paper, set it off with larger margins on each end (an extra tab at each margin), and put the citation AFTER the period at the end of the quotation, followed by no other punctuation.